The article deals with the question of Jews with a Jewish father but a non- Jewish mother, so-called Vaterjuden, who have become more important for the Jewish community in Germany since the 1990s as a result of the immi- gration of Russian-speaking Jews. It portrays three women belonging to this category who experienced how their Jewish affiliations were redefined in the course of migration. The text highlights the spaces and opportunities of self- determination they opened up for themselves and points to the role of (trans)national Jewish organizations established since the 2000s in this process.